Intengo yei-titanium alloyiphakathi kuka-$200 no-$400 ngekhilogremu, kuyilapho intengo ye-titanium alloy yezempi ibiza ngokuphindwe kabili. Ngakho-ke, yini i-titanium? Kungani kubiza kangaka ngemva kokufakwa kwe-alloying?
Okokuqala, ake siqonde umthombo we-titanium. I-Titanium iphuma ikakhulukazi ku-ilmenite, rutile kanye ne-perovskite. Iyinsimbi emhlophe-esiliva. Ngenxa yemvelo esebenzayo ye-titanium kanye nezidingo eziphezulu zobuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa, abantu abakwazanga ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu le-titanium isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke iphinde ihlukaniswe njengensimbi "engavamile".
Eqinisweni, abantu bathola i-titanium ngo-1791, kodwa eyokuqalai-titanium ehlanzekileyakhiqizwa ngo-1910, okwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi i-titanium isebenza kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi kulula ukuhlanganisa umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, i-carbon nezinye izakhi. Kuthatha izimo ezinzima kakhulu ukukhipha i-titanium emsulwa. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqizwa kwe-titanium yaseShayina kukhule kusuka kumathani angama-200 ekhulwini elidlule laya kumathani ayi-150,000 manje, okukleliswe okokuqala emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, ikuphi i-titanium esetshenziswa kakhulu uma ibiza kangaka?
1. Imisebenzi yezandla ye-Titanium.I-Titanium inokuminyana okuphezulu futhi imelana nokugqwala, ikakhulukazi i-oxidizable futhi inemibala. Inomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuhlobisa futhi ishibhile kakhulu kunegolide langempela, ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni segolide langempela le-craft ceramics, izakhiwo zakudala kanye nokulungiswa kwezakhiwo zasendulo, ama-nameplates angaphandle, njll.
2. Ubucwebe be-Titanium.I-Titanium empeleni ingene buthule ezimpilweni zethu. Obunye ubucwebe obenziwe nge-titanium emsulwa obugqokwa amantombazane manje. Isici esikhulu salolu hlobo olusha lobucwebe impilo, ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Ngeke ikhiqize izinto eziyingozi esikhumbeni nasemzimbeni womuntu, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi "ubucwebe obuluhlaza".
3. Izibuko ze-Titanium. I-Titanium inekhono eliphakeme lokumelana nokuguqulwa kunensimbi, kodwa isisindo sayo siyingxenye kuphela yevolumu efanayo yensimbi. Izibuko ze-Titanium azifani neze nezingilazi zensimbi ezivamile, kodwa empeleni zilula futhi zikhululekile, ngokuthinta okufudumele nokubushelelezi, ngaphandle komzwelo obandayo wezinye izibuko zensimbi. Ozimele be-Titanium balula kakhulu kunozimele bensimbi abavamile, ngeke bonakale ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, futhi ikhwalithi iqinisekiswa kakhulu.
4. Emkhakheni we-aerospace, izinsimbi eziningi ezithwala izindiza zamanje, amarokhethi, nemicibisholo ziye zathathelwa indawo ingxubevange ye-titanium. Abanye abantu baye benza izivivinyo zokusika ngamapuleti ensimbi nama-titanium alloys, futhi ngenxa yokumelana nokuguquguquka nesisindo esilula. Phakathi nenqubo yokusika, kwatholakala ukuthi izinhlansi ezikhiqizwa i-titanium zazibonakala zihluke kancane. I-steel plate yayigolide, kuyilapho izinhlansi ze-titanium alloy zazimhlophe. Lokhu ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinhlayiya ezincane ezikhiqizwa i-titanium alloy ngesikhathi sokusika. Ikwazi ukuvutha ngokuzenzekelayo emoyeni futhi ikhiphe izinhlansi ezikhanyayo, futhi izinga lokushisa lalezi zinhlansi liphakeme kakhulu kunezinhlansi zepuleti lensimbi, ngakho-ke i-titanium powder nayo isetshenziswa njengophethiloli werokhethi.
Ngokwezibalo, ngaphezu kwe-1,000 amathani we-titanium asetshenziselwa ukuhamba emhlabeni minyaka yonke. Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa njengezinto zasemkhathini, i-titanium ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwenza imikhumbi-ngwenya. Othile wake wacwilisa i-titanium phansi olwandle, futhi wathola ukuthi yayingagqwalile nhlobo lapho ikhishwa ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, ngoba ukuminyana kwe-titanium kungamagremu angu-4.5 kuphela, futhi amandla nge-cubic centimeter ngayinye aphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezinsimbi. futhi ingamelana nemimoya engu-2,500 yokucindezela. Ngakho-ke, imikhumbi-ngwenya ye-titanium ingahamba olwandle olujulile lwamamitha angu-4,500, kuyilapho imikhumbi-ngwenya yensimbi evamile ingatshuza ifike kumamitha angu-300.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-titanium kucebile futhi kunemibala, futhititanium alloyszibuye zisetshenziswe kabanzi kwezokwelapha, futhi zisetshenziselwa amazinyo, ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki, ama-valve enhliziyo, imishini yezokwelapha, njll. Nokho, intengo yamanje yemikhiqizo ye-titanium emakethe ngokuvamile iphakeme, okwenza abathengi abaningi bangahlali. Ngakho, yini ngempela ebangela lesi simo?
Ukumbiwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ze-titanium kunzima kakhulu. Ukusatshalaliswa kwezimayini zesihlabathi se-ilmenite ezweni lami kuhlakazekile, futhi ukugxila kwezinsiza ze-titanium kuphansi. Emuva kweminyaka yokumbiwa nokusetshenziswa, izinsiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezinkulu ziye zambiwa, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kusekelwe kakhulu ezimayini ezivamile, kunzima ukwakha ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kwezinga elikhulu.
Isidingo se-titanium sinamandla kakhulu. Njengohlobo olusha lwempahla yensimbi, i-titanium isetshenziswe kabanzi ku-aerospace, ukwakhiwa, ulwandle, amandla enuzi kanye nogesi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwamandla kazwelonke aphelele ezwe lami, ukusetshenziswa kwe-titanium nakho kukhombise ukukhula okusheshayo.
Amandla okukhiqiza i-titanium anganele. Njengamanje, kunamazwe ambalwa kuphela athuthukile emhlabeni angakhiqiza i-titanium.
Ukucubungula i-Titanium kunzima.
Kusukela ku-sponge titanium kuya ku-titanium ingots, bese kuya kumapuleti e-titanium, izinqubo eziningi ziyadingeka. Inqubo yokuncibilikisa i-titanium ihlukile kweyensimbi. Kuyadingeka ukulawula izinga lokuncibilika, i-voltage kanye namanje, futhi uqinisekise ukuzinza kokubunjwa. Ngenxa yezinqubo eziningi neziyinkimbinkimbi, kunzima futhi ukucubungula.
I-titanium ehlanzekile ithambile futhi ayilungele ukusetshenziswa njengemikhiqizo ye-titanium. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izakhi zidinga ukungezwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zensimbi. Isibonelo, i-titanium-64, evame ukusetshenziswa embonini yezindiza, idinga ukwengeza inani elikhulu lezinye izakhi ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zayo zensimbi.
I-Titanium isabela ngokuqinile kanye nama-halogen, umoya-mpilo, isibabule, ikhabhoni, i-nitrogen nezinye izakhi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuncibilika kwe-titanium kudinga ukwenziwa endaweni engenalutho noma endaweni engenalutho ukuze kugwenywe ukungcoliswa.
I-Titanium iyinsimbi esebenzayo, kodwa ukuguquguquka kwayo okushisayo kubi, okwenza kube nzima ukushisela nezinye izinto.
Kafushane, kunezici eziningi ezithinta intengo ye-titanium alloys, okuhlanganisa ukubaluleka kwamasiko, ukufunwa, ubunzima bokukhiqiza, njll. Nokho, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ubunzima bokukhiqiza bungase bunciphe kancane kancane esikhathini esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-02-2025