I-Tungsten Electrode ye-TIG Welding
Emkhakheni omkhulu wesayensi nezimboni zesimanje, isikebhe se-tungsten sivela njengethuluzi elimangalisayo elinezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene nezibalulekile.
Izikebhe ze-Tungsten zenziwe nge-tungsten, insimbi eyaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo ezingavamile. I-Tungsten inephuzu lokuncibilika eliphakeme ngendlela emangalisayo, i-thermal conductivity enhle kakhulu, kanye nokumelana okuphawulekayo nokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Lezi zimfanelo zenza kube yinto ekahle yokwakha imikhumbi engakwazi ukumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zezikebhe ze-tungsten iwumkhakha we-vacuum deposition. Lapha, isikebhe sishiselwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ngaphakathi kwegumbi le-vacuum. Izinto ezibekwe esikebheni ziyahwamuka bese zifakwa ku-substrate, zenze amafilimu amancanyana anogqinsi olunemba kanye nokwakheka. Le nqubo ibalulekile ekukhiqizeni ama-semiconductors. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizweni kwama-microchips, izikebhe ze-tungsten zisiza ukufaka izendlalelo zezinto ezifana ne-silicon nezinsimbi, zidale umjikelezo oyinkimbinkimbi onika umhlaba wethu wedijithali amandla.
Emkhakheni we-optics, izikebhe ze-tungsten zidlala indima ebalulekile. Asetshenziselwa ukufaka ama-coatings kumalensi nasezibukweni, athuthukise ukubukeka kwawo kanye nokudluliswa kwe-transmissivity. Lokhu kuholela ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kumishini yokubona efana namakhamera, izibonakude, nezinhlelo ze-laser.
Imboni ye-aerospace nayo iyazuza ezikebheni ze-tungsten. Izingxenye ezivezwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu nasezimweni ezinzima ngesikhathi sohambo lwasemkhathini zenziwa kusetshenziswa ukubekwa okulawulwayo okwenziwa yilezi zikebhe. Izinto ezifakwe ngale ndlela zinikeza ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuqina.
Izikebhe ze-Tungsten nazo zisetshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni izinto ezintsha zokugcina amandla nokuguqulwa. Basiza ekuhlanganiseni nasekuboniseni izici zezinto ezisetshenziswayo zamabhethri namaseli kaphethiloli, okuqhuba ukusesha kwezixazululo zamandla ezisebenza kahle nezimeme.
Ocwaningweni lwesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, zenza kube lula ukufunda ngokuguquka kwesigaba kanye nezakhiwo zezinto ezingaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo zokuhwamuka. Lokhu kusiza ososayensi baqonde futhi balawule ukuziphatha kwezinto ezingeni le-athomu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekukhiqizeni okukhethekile okunamathelayo kwezicelo ezihlukahlukene zezimboni, izikebhe ze-tungsten ziqinisekisa ukufana nokusetshenziswa okunembile kwezinto zokwakha, kuthuthukise ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwezindawo ezimboziwe.
Isikebhe se-tungsten siyingxenye ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe obuningi obusezingeni eliphezulu. Amandla ayo okwenza kube lula ukufakwa kwezinto ezilawulwayo kanye nokuhwamuka kuyenza ikwazi ukwenza inqubekelaphambili emikhakheni eminingi, ibumba ikusasa lesayensi nezimboni.
Ibanga lomkhiqizo wethu elijwayelekile
Sikhiqiza izikebhe ezihwamukayo ezenziwe nge-molybdenum, tungsten, ne-tantalum ngohlelo lwakho lokusebenza:
Izikebhe ze-Tungsten evaporation
I-Tungsten imelana nokugqwala kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezinsimbi eziningi ezincibilikisiwe futhi, enendawo ephakeme kakhulu yokuncibilika kuzo zonke izinsimbi, ikwazi ukumelana nokushisa kakhulu. Senza okokusebenza ukuthi imelane nokugqwala futhi iqine ngokwengxenye ngokusebenzisa ama-dopants akhethekile njenge-potassium silicate.
Izikebhe ze-Molybdenum evaporation
I-Molybdenum iyinsimbi ezinzile futhi ifaneleka namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ifakwe i-lanthanum oxide (ML), i-molybdenum idonsa kakhulu futhi imelana nokubola. Sengeza i-yttrium oxide (MY) ukuze sithuthukise ukusebenza kwemishini kwe-molybdenum
Izikebhe ze-Tantalum evaporation
I-Tantalum inomfutho we-vapor ophansi kakhulu kanye nesivinini esiphansi sokuhwamuka. Okuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu ngale nto, nokho, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala okuphezulu.
I-Cerium-Tungsten Electrode
I-Cerium-Tungsten Electrodes inokusebenza okuhle kokuqala kwe-arc ngaphansi kwesimo se-crrrent ephansi. I-arc current iphansi, ngakho-ke ama-electrode angasetshenziselwa ukushisela ipayipi, izingxenye ezingenasici nezinhle. I-Cerium-Tungsten iyisinqumo sokuqala sokushintsha i-Thoriated Tungsten ngaphansi kwesimo se-DC ephansi.
| Uphawu lohwebo | Kwengeziwe | Ukungcola | Okunye | I-Tungsten | Ugesi | Umbala |
| WC20 | I-CeO2 | 1.80 - 2.20% | <0.20% | Okunye | 2.7 - 2.8 | Okumpunga |
I-Lanthanate Tungsten Electrode
I-lanthanate tungsten yaduma kakhulu kumbuthano wokushisela emhlabeni ngokushesha ngemva kokuba ithuthukiswe ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kahle kokushisela. I-conductivity kagesi ye-lanthanate tungsten ivalwe kakhulu kuleyo ye-Tungsten engu-2% enethoriated. Izishicileli zingashintsha kalula i-thoriated tungsten Electrode nge-lanthanated tungsten electrode ku-AC noma ku-DC futhi kungadingeki zenze izinguquko zohlelo lokushisela. I-radioactivity evela ku-thoriated tungsten ingagwenywa. Enye inzuzo ye-lanthanate tungsten ukukwazi ukuthwala amandla aphezulu kanye nokuba nezinga eliphansi lokulahlekelwa kokusha.
| Uphawu lohwebo | Kwengeziwe | Ukungcola | Okunye | I-Tungsten | Ugesi | Umbala |
| WL10 | La2O3 | 0.80 - 1.20% | <0.20% | Okunye | 2.6 - 2.7 | Mnyama |
| WL15 | La2O3 | 1.30 - 1.70% | <0.20% | Okunye | 2.8 - 3.0 | Okuphuzi |
| WL20 | La2O3 | 1.80 - 2.20% | <0.20% | Okunye | 2.8 - 3.2 | Isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza |
I-Zirconated Tungsten Electrode
I-tungsten ye-Zirconiated inokusebenza okuhle ku-AC welding, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi komthwalo ophezulu wamanje. Noma yimaphi amanye ama-electrode ngokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu awakwazi ukuthatha indawo yama-electrode e-tungsten e-Zirconated. I-electrode igcina isiphetho esinebhola lapho ishiselwa, okuholela ekungeneni kancane kwe-tungsten kanye nokungagqwala okuhle.
Izinduku zethu zobuchwepheshe bezibambe iqhaza ocwaningweni nasekuhloleni umsebenzi futhi zaphumelela ukuxazulula izingxabano phakathi kokuqukethwe kwe-zirconium nokucubungula izakhiwo.
| Uphawu lohwebo | Kwengeziwe | Inani lokungcola | Okunye | I-Tungsten | Ugesi | Uphawu lombala |
| WZ3 | ZrO2 | 0.20 - 0.40% | <0.20% | Okunye | 2.5 - 3.0 | Brown |
| WZ8 | ZrO2 | 0.70 - 0.90% | <0.20% | Okunye | 2.5 - 3.0 | Emhlophe |
I-Thoriated Tungsten
I-Thoriated tungsten iyinto evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ye-tungsten, i-Thoria iyinto ekhipha imisebe enezinga eliphansi, kodwa bekungokokuqala ebonisa ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo ngaphezu kwe-tungsten emsulwa.
I-Thoriated tungsten iyi-tungsten ejwayelekile yokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-DC, ngoba isebenza kahle ngisho nalapho igcwele ngokweqile nge-amperage eyengeziwe, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukusebenza kokushisela.
| Uphawu lohwebo | ThO2Okuqukethwe(%) | Uphawu lombala |
| WT10 | 0.90 - 1.20 | Okuyinhloko |
| WT20 | 1.80 - 2.20 | Okubomvu |
| WT30 | 2.80 - 3.20 | Okunsomi |
| WT40 | 3.80 - 4.20 | I-Orange Primary |
I-Tungsten Electrode ehlanzekile:Ifanele ukushisela ngaphansi kokushintshana kwamanje;
I-Yttrium Tungsten Electrode:Isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezempi neyezindiza ene-arc beam emincane, amandla okucindezela aphezulu, ukungena okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-welding at medium and high current;
Inhlanganisela ye-Tungsten Electrode:Ukusebenza kwawo kungathuthukiswa kakhulu ngokungeza ama-Earth oxide amabili noma ngaphezulu angajwayelekile ahambisanayo. Ngakho-ke, ama-Electrode Ahlanganisiwe asevele engavamile emndenini we-electrode. Uhlobo olusha lwe-Composite Tungsten Electrode oluthuthukiswe yithi lufakwe ohlwini lwe-State Developing Plan yemikhiqizo emisha.
| Igama le-Electrode | Uhwebo | Ukungcola okungeziwe | Inani lokungcola | Okunye ukungcola | I-Tungsten | Amandla kagesi akhishwe | Uphawu lombala |
| I-Tungsten Electrode ehlanzekile | WP | -- | -- | <0.20% | Okunye | 4.5 | Okuhlaza |
| I-Yttrium-Tungsten Electrode | WY20 | YO2 | 1.80 - 2.20% | <0.20% | Okunye | 2.0 - 3.9 | Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| I-Electrode Ehlanganisiwe | I-WRex | I-ReOx | 1.00 - 4.00% | <0.20% | Okunye | 2.45 - 3.1 |